2026 NECO HEALTH EDUCATION THEORY AND OBJ ANSWER


HEALTH EDUCATION
1-10: AADADABBAC
11-20: BBBBAEBAAD
21-30: BDEDCCADAC
31-40: EBABDCDECC
41-50: AACCCEDAAD
51-60: AADABDBBDC


(1ai)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Cartilage is a tough, flexible connective tissue that supports body structures, reduces friction between bones and cushions joints.

OR

Cartilage is a strong, elastic connective tissue found at joints, the nose and the ear. It supports body parts and allows smooth movement of bones.

(1aii)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Skull
(ii) Vertebral column
(iii) Rib cage
(iv) Pectoral girdle
(v) Pelvic girdle
(vi) Upper limbs
(vii) Lower limbs

(1aiii)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Flexion
(ii) Extension
(iii) Abduction
(iv) Adduction
(v) Rotation
(vi) Circumduction

(1bi)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) It takes in oxygen for the body.
(ii) It removes carbon dioxide from the body.
(iii) It helps maintain the acid base balance of the blood.
(iv) It helps in the excretion of water vapour.

(1bii)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Nose
(ii) Pharynx
(iii) Larynx
(iv) Trachea
(v) Bronchi
(vi) Lungs
(vii) Bronchioles
(viii) Alveoli

(1c)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Skeletal muscle is attached to bones, is voluntary in action, striated and usually becomes fatigued after prolonged activity, whereas cardiac muscle is found only in the heart, is involuntary, striated and does not fatigue easily.

OR

Skeletal muscle is under conscious control and is attached to the skeleton for body movement, while cardiac muscle is found only in the walls of the heart, works automatically without conscious control and contracts continuously throughout life.

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(2ai)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Food poisoning is a condition caused by eating food or drinking water contaminated with harmful microorganisms, their toxins, or poisonous substances, resulting in illness.

OR

Food poisoning is an illness caused by eating food or drinking water contaminated with harmful microorganisms, their toxins, or poisonous substances.

(2aii)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Wash hands thoroughly before preparing or eating food.
(ii) Cook food properly before consumption.
(iii) Store food in clean, covered containers and refrigerate perishable foods.
(iv) Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating.
(v) Drink clean and safe water.

(2b)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Mechanical food digestion involves physical breakdown of food, while chemical food digestion involves chemical breakdown of food.

(ii) Mechanical food digestion does not change the chemical composition of food, while chemical food digestion changes the chemical composition of food.

(iii) Mechanical food digestion is carried out by chewing and churning, while chemical food digestion is carried out by enzymes and digestive juices.

(iv) Mechanical food digestion does not involve enzymes, while chemical food digestion involves enzymes such as amylase, pepsin and lipase.

(2ci)
Psychotherapy is the treatment of mental or emotional disorders through counselling, discussion and other psychological methods rather than drugs.

(2cii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Schizophrenia.
(ii) Depression.
(iii) Bipolar disorder
(iv) Anxiety disorder
(v) Psychosis

(2d)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Brush the teeth at least twice daily with fluoride toothpaste.
(ii) Reduce the intake of sugary foods and drinks.
(iii) Visit the dentist regularly for dental check-ups.
(iv) Flossing daily
(v) Rinsing the mouth after meals
(vi) Replacing worn-out toothbrushes

(2e)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Home.
(ii) School.
(iii) Community.
(iv) Health centres
(v) Places of worship.

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(3ai)
Measles is caused by the measles virus.

(3aii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Inhalation of droplets from an infected person's cough or sneeze.
(ii) Direct contact with an infected person's nasal or throat secretions.
(iii) Sharing contaminated items with an infected person.
(iv) Close contact with an infected person.

(3aiii)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) High fever.
(ii) Red skin rash.
(iii) Running nose.
(iv) Red or watery eyes.
(v) Persistent cough.
(vi) Sore throat.
(vii) Loss of appetite.

(3aiv)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Immunization against measles.
(ii) Isolate infected persons.
(iii) Maintain good personal hygiene.
(iv) Avoid close contact with infected persons.
(v) Cover the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.
(vi) Ensure good ventilation.

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(4ai)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Family health is the state of complete physical, mental and social well-being of all members of a family and the measures taken to promote and maintain their health.

OR

Family health is the health status of all members of a family and the efforts made to prevent disease, promote health and ensure their well-being.

(4aii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) To ensure the health and well-being of both the mother and the unborn baby throughout pregnancy.

(ii) To detect and treat any pregnancy-related complications early in order to prevent harm to the mother and the baby.

(iii) To educate the expectant mother on proper nutrition, personal hygiene, exercise, breastfeeding and preparation for safe delivery.

(iv) To provide immunization and necessary supplements (e.g., tetanus toxoid, iron and folic acid).

(v) To reduce maternal and infant morbidity and mortality.

(4b)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) To prevent and control the spread of diseases through immunization, surveillance and sanitation programmes.

(ii) To promote and maintain community health through health education, environmental sanitation and inspection of public places.

(iii) To provide safe drinking water and ensure proper collection and disposal of refuse and sewage to prevent disease outbreaks.

(iv) To collect, record and analyse vital health statistics for effective planning and improvement of public health services.

(v) To enforce public health laws and regulations in order to protect the health and safety of the public.

(4c)
Traditional society:
(i) Absence of breathing.
(ii) Absence of heartbeat (or pulse).

By a physician:
(i) Permanent cessation of heartbeat and respiration.
(ii) Brain death (absence of brain activity and reflexes).

(4d)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Ensure that school buildings, classrooms, playgrounds and laboratory equipment are safe and properly maintained.

(ii) Educate students on safety rules and ensure proper supervision during practical lessons, sports and other school activities.

(iii) Provide well-equipped first aid facilities and ensure that trained personnel are available to attend to emergencies promptly.

(iv) Keep school floors, corridors and walkways clean, dry and free from obstacles to prevent slips, trips and falls.

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(5ai)
(i) Vasectomy:
This is a permanent family planning method for men. It involves cutting or blocking the vas deferens (sperm ducts) to prevent sperm from mixing with semen, thereby preventing fertilization.

(ii) Tubal ligation:
This is a permanent family planning method for women. It involves cutting, tying or blocking the fallopian tubes to prevent the egg from meeting the sperm, thereby preventing pregnancy.

(5aii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) It can lead to jealousy and rivalry among wives and children.
(ii) It places a heavy financial burden on the family.
(iii) It may result in poor upbringing and inadequate care of children.
(iv) Inheritance disputes.
(v) Lack of peace in the home.
(vi) Frequent Conflicts.

(5aiii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Emotional or psychological trauma.
(ii) Poor academic performance or school dropout.
(iii) Delinquent behaviour
(iv) Low self-esteem.
(v) Lack of parental care.
(vi) Financial hardship.

(5bi)
(i) Physical dependence.
(ii) Psychological dependence.

(5bii)


(5biii)
(PICK ANY ONE)
A psychiatrist is a medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mental illnesses.

OR

A psychiatrist is a qualified medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing, treating and preventing mental and emotional disorders using medication and psychotherapy.

(5ci)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Juvenile delinquency is the act of a minor or young person engaging in antisocial or unlawful behaviour that is against the laws of society.

OR

Juvenile delinquency is the involvement of children or adolescents in criminal, deviant or socially unacceptable behaviours.

(5cii)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Peer group influence
(ii) Poor parental care
(iii) Broken Home
(iv) Poverty
(v) Drug abuse
(vi) Lack of proper discipline

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2026 NECO HEALTH EDUCATION PRACTICAL ANSWER



(1ai)
-Juice:
Gastric juice

-Enzymes:
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Pepsin
(ii) Rennin
(iii) Gastric lipase

(1aii)
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

(1bi)
(ii) Duodenum
(ii) Ileum

(1bii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Produces bile for the emulsification of fats.
(ii) Stores excess glucose as glycogen.
(iii) Detoxifies harmful substances like drugs and poisons.
(iv) It stores vitamins and iron.
(v) Deaminates excess amino acids.
(vi) Regulates blood sugar.

(1biii)
Villi

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(2a)
Housefly

(2b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Cholera.
(ii) Typhoid fever.
(iii) Dysentery.
(iv) Diarrhoea.
(v) Food poisoning.
(vi) Amoebic dysentery.

(2c)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) By contaminating food and water with disease-causing organisms picked up from faeces, refuse and other filthy materials.
(ii) By depositing disease-causing organisms on food through its hairy legs and body.
(iii) By regurgitating saliva containing pathogens onto food while feeding.
(iv) By defecating on exposed food, thereby contaminating it with pathogens.

(2d)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Proper disposal of refuse and human waste to eliminate breeding sites.
(ii) Keep food and water covered to prevent contamination by flies.
(iii) Spray insecticides or use fly traps to reduce the fly population.
(iv) Maintain good environmental sanitation by keeping surroundings clean.
(v) Fit doors and windows with wire gauze to prevent flies from entering houses.

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(3a)
A - Dislocation
B - Fracture

(3b)


(3c)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Severe pain at the injured part.
(ii) Swelling around the affected area.
(iii) Deformity or abnormal shape of the limb.
(iv) Difficulty or inability to move the affected limb.
(v) Tenderness at the site of injury.

(3d)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Apply a splint to immobilize the fractured limb.

OR

Use a sling to support and immobilize the injured limb.


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(4a)
A - Vitamins and minerals
B - Carbohydrates
C - Proteins

(4b)
A - Protects the body against diseases and keeps the body healthy.
B - Supplies energy for body activities.
C - Builds and repairs worn-out body tissues; supports growth.

(4c)
Kwashiorkor

(4d)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Poverty or low income.
(ii) Lack of nutrition education.
(iii) Food insecurity or shortage of food.
(iv) Poor feeding habits.
(v) Diseases and infections.
(vi) Poor storage and preservation of food.

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(5a)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Depression
(ii) Anxiety disorder
(iii) Schizophrenia
(iv) Bipolar disorder

(5b)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Use protective equipment such as helmets, gloves and safety boots.
(ii) Follow safety rules and operating procedures.
(iii) Maintain machines regularly.
(iv) Keep the factory environment clean and free from hazards.

(5c)


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(6ai)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) It helps to space births and improve the health of the mother and child.
(ii) It prevents unwanted or unplanned pregnancies.
(iii) It enables parents to provide better care and education for their children.
(iv) It reduces maternal and infant mortality.
(v) It helps families plan according to their income and available resources.
(vi) It prevents frequent pregnancies, allowing the mother to recover between births.
(vii) It helps control rapid population growth.

(6aii)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Vasectomy
(ii) Tubal ligation

(6b)
(PICK ANY ONE)
A nostrum is a medicine or remedy of doubtful value that is sold without scientific proof of its effectiveness (commonly called a quack medicine).

OR

A nostrum is a medicine sold with false or exaggerated claims of its ability to cure diseases, without scientific proof of its effectiveness.

(6c)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Paracetamol
(ii) Aspirin
(iii) Ibuprofen

(6d)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Ovulation is the release of a mature egg (ovum) from the ovary into the fallopian tube, making it available for fertilization.

OR

Ovulation is the process by which a mature egg is released from the ovary, usually around the middle of the menstrual cycle, making it available for fertilization.

(6e)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Septic tank system.
(ii) Water carriage system.
(iii) Sewage treatment plant.
(iv) Oxidation pond
(v) Chemical treatment of sewage.
(v) Disposal by land application

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(7a)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Bathing regularly and keeping the body clean.
(ii) Brushing the teeth at least twice daily.
(iii) Washing hands before eating and after using the toilet.
(iv) Eating a balanced diet.
(v) Exercising regularly.
(vi) Getting adequate rest and sleep.

(7b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Adequate food and proper nutrition.
(ii) Clean clothing.
(iii) Safe shelter.
(iv) Good personal hygiene.
(v) Adequate sleep and rest.
(vi) Regular medical care and immunization.

(7ci)
The canine is used for tearing and piercing food.

(7cii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Both are used for grinding and chewing food.
(ii) Both have broad crowns with cusps.
(iii) Both are permanent teeth located at the back of the mouth.

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(8a)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Oxygen
(ii) Antibodies
(iii) Nutrients
(iv) Hormones
(v) Water
(vi) Mineral salts
(vii) Carbon dioxide

(8b)
Louis Pasteur: Microbiology and Immunization

Joseph Lister: Surgery.

(8c)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Tuberculosis
(ii) Measles
(iii) Chickenpox
(iv) Influenza
(v) Common cold
(vi) Whooping cough